- humus
- hŭmus, i (archaic form of the abl. sing. humu, Varr. ap. Non. 488, 6 and 48, 26), f. (archaic masc. humum humidum pedibus fodit, Laev. ap. Prisc. p. 719 P.: humidum humum, Gracch. ib.) [from the prim. form XAM, whence chămai, chămothen, chămalos, Lat. humilis; kindr. with Sanscr. Xám, earth; Gr. chthôn], the earth, the ground, the soil.I.Lit. (class.; cf.: terra, solum, tellus): humus erat immunda, lutulenta vino, coronis languidulis et spinis coöperta piscium, Cic. Fragm. Or. pro Gall. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 66 (ap. Orell. IV. 2, p. 454); cf.:II.
omnia constrata telis, armis, cadaveribus et inter ea humus infecta sanguine,
Sall. J. 101 fin.:subacta atque pura,
Cic. de Sen. 17, 59: cubitis pinsibant humum, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 23 Müll. (Trag. v. 435 Vahl.); cf.: procubuit moriens et humum semel ore momordit. bit the ground and died (cf. the Homer. odax helein gaian), Verg. A. 11, 418:calcibus atram Tundit humum exspirans,
id. ib. 10, 731; cf. Ov. A. A. 1, 112:pede candido In morem Salium ter quatient humum,
Hor. C. 4, 1, 28:Acestes aequaevum ab humo attollit amicum,
Verg. A. 5, 452:sedit humo,
Ov. M. 4, 261:ipse feraces Figat humo plantas,
Verg. G. 4, 115; cf.:semina spargere humo,
Ov. M. 5, 647:surgit humo,
id. F. 6, 735; cf.:nec se movit humo,
id. M. 4, 264:dejectoque in humum vultu,
id. ib. 6, 607:propter humum volitat,
id. ib. 8, 258:humi atque ipsius stirpis laetitia,
Col. 4, 24, 4; cf.:quis cibus erat caro ferina atque humi pabulum uti pecoribus,
Sall. J. 18, 1:ii, quos humus injecta contegeret (shortly afterwards, gleba),
Cic. Leg. 2, 22, 57:quae (genera arborum) humi arido atque arenoso gignuntur,
Sall. J. 48, 3 Kritz N. cr. — Poet., as a fig. for what is low, mean, common:sermones repentes per humum,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 251; cf.:ne, dum vitat humum, nubes et inania captet,
id. A. P. 230:ad humum maerore gravi deducit et angit,
id. ib. 110; v. also [p. 871] under adv.:affigit humo divinae particulam aurae,
id. S. 2, 2, 79.—Transf., in gen., like solum, land, country, region:III.Punica nec Teucris pressa fuisset humus,
Ov. H. 7, 140:Aonia,
id. F. 1, 490:Illyrica,
id. Med. Fac. 74:Pontica,
id. P. 3, 5, 56.—Adverbial form humi, like chamai, on the ground or to the ground:jacere humi,
Cic. Cat. 1, 10, 26:requiescere,
Sall. J. 85, 33:strati,
Cic. de Or. 3, 6, 22; cf.:serpit humi tutus nimium timidusque procellae,
Hor. A. P. 28:quousque humi defixa tua mens erit?
fixed on the ground, Cic. Rep. 6, 17:locus circiter duodecim pedes humi depressus,
Sall. C. 55, 3:quot humi morientia corpora fundis?
Verg. A. 11, 665:spargere humi dentes,
Ov. M. 3, 105; cf.:hunc stravit humi,
id. ib. 12, 255:tremens procumbit humi bos,
Verg. A. 5, 481:volvitur ille excussus humi,
id. ib. 11, 640; cf.:projectum humi jugulavit,
Tac. H. 2, 64:stratus humi palmes viduas desiderat ulmos,
Juv. 8, 78.
Lewis & Short Latin Dictionary, 1879. - Revised, Enlarged, and in Great Part Rewritten. Charlton T. Lewis, Ph.D. and Charles Short. 2011.